Cree LED Lighting has developed these white papers to further our mission to make energy-wasting, traditional lighting technologies obsolete through the use of energy-efficient, environmentally friendly LED lighting. The ideas and findings in these white papers represent innovative work by organizations and people affiliated with Cree. They are designed to share the issues we are working to address; the ideas, changes, and methods we are developing and testing to help others realize the benefits from breakthrough LED technology.

Lifetime Comparisons: Fluorescents vs. LED Lighting

Lighting Calculations in the LED Era
Author: Jim Benya, PE, FIES, FIALD
Published May 2011

Paper Summary:
• The differences between relative photometry (conventional) and absolute photometry (SSL)
• Lighting calculation methods
• Description of light loss factors for conventional and SSL products
• Light loss factor recommendations for conventional and SSL products
• Comparisons of SSL systems to conventional systems in offices and schools

Insect Vision: A Model for Understanding Visual Sensitivity to UV Light

Insect Vision: Ultraviolet, Color, and LED Light
Authors: Marianne Shockley Cruz Ph.D. and Rebecca Lindner
Institution: University of Georgia Department of Entomology
Published November 2011

Paper Summary:
This paper represents insect vision literature ranging from the 1940’s to the present. The specific studies in this essay typically indicated what type of light radiation attracts insects and why. Insects are sensitive to a broad spectrum of light ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to red. Color sensitivity in the UV spectrum plays an important role in foraging, navigation, and mate selection in both flying and terrestrial invertebrate animals. This attraction to UV light has made insects a useful model for understanding visual sensitivity to UV light.

Energy-Efficient Lighting Lifecycle

LED Lighting: More Energy-Efficient Than CFL?
Author: Monica Hansen, Research Scientist
Published December 2009

Paper Summary:
A new report on the life-cycle energy usage of energy-efficient lighting by Cree, Inc. shows that LED lighting products are now more efficient than traditional lighting products when compared across the high-volume applications of recessed downlighting and display spotlighting. Evaluating light fixtures and applications, the white paper’s energy comparisons demonstrate that LEDs offer clear advantages in terms of energy costs and environmental impact over traditional lighting such as incandescent, halogen and compact fluorescent bulbs.